So Cal Real Estate News

(July 25, 2008)  Let’s start off by reiterating that this is risky business. There are lots of variables that could change in the months ahead, from interest rates to employment to the international scene. That’s why we continue to insist that nobody can predict the bottom with absolute certainty, as Freddie Mac’s chief economist Frank Northaft told us last fall. (See “How low will prices go?“)

Be that as it may, everybody wants to take their best guess at what’s coming next, and recent developments are making us think it may be time to update our projections.

The Housing Relief Bill

A big reason for our increasing optimism is President Bush’s pragmatic decision this week to accept $3.9 billion for cities to buy up and fix foreclosed properties as a trade-off for federal guarantees for Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac which should calm both the stock market and stabilize lending.

Although the additional deficit spending the bill may create will put some more upward pressure on interest rates, we do think it will go a long ways to reducing the glut of foreclosures.  On the whole it seems to be a surprisingly good example of well-crafted, bipartisan legislation.

Besides the money to buy up foreclosures, other features in the bill that we like include:

1. A permanent increase in loan limits for Fannie, Freddie, and FHA to $625,000 in the highest cost areas like much of Southern California.

2. A “tax credit” (which is repaid over fifteen years interest free) of  up to $7,500 for first time buyers who close escrow between 4/9/08 and 7/1/09.  (Although the credit phases out for joint filers with income over $150,000 and individual filers over $75,000, Blair & I think this will increase demand significantly, especially early in 2009.   In fact, we’ll break with our normal procedure here and actually recommend first time buyers contact us now so we can set them up with a personalized “web portal” which allows them to search, save, and categorize properties on the SoCal Multiple Listing Service.  562.822.SOLD.)

3. $11 billion in tax free municipal bond authority for states to set up low interest loans to first time buyers.

4. It tightens regulations to avoid future repeats of the recent mortgage meltdown.

5. Making FHA mortgages more available, especially for “work outs” of over encumbered (“upside down”) borrowers who qualify and whose lenders will participate by writing down the loan to 90% of the home’s current market value (details in the article below).

6. The complex but intriguing arrangement that encourages loan workouts instead of foreclosures or “short sales.”  The lender reduces the loan amount to 10% below current market value in exchange for getting the loan off their books.  The borrower agrees to share that 10% and future equity with the taxpayers.  And we the taxpayers (also known as the government) guarantee the new loan through FHA, provided the buyer can qualify.

The total revised package is expected to sail through the Senate and Bush has now promised to sign it.  While dangers of inflation and unemployment still threaten, we think the housing bill will have a more positive impact than we originally thought.  Combine that with the fact that the market seems to be finding a bottom in terms of price, and we’re hopeful the positives will outweigh or at least neutralize the negatives of the normal summer slowdown, foreclosures, and shaky employment.

With that in mind, we’re now revising our projections as follows:

Our Current Best “Guestimate”

40% chance: Bottom sometime between now and the end of winter:

We think the limited time offer of $7,000 tax credits for first time buyers will provide a significant stimulus to a market where we’re already seeing multiple competing offers on well-priced bank REOs.  At the same time, cities will begin bidding for some foreclosures, and others will see favorable workouts with the lenders which the bill makes possible.

Some of the bills provisions don’t kick in until October, but the tax relief is retroactive.  We think the bottom will most likely coincide closely with our normal seasonal cycle, which bottoms in December or January.  (We’re talking about escrows that open in December or January, which would close in February or March be reported by DataQuick a couple weeks later.  See “Predictions 101: Our 2 market cycles” and “Two big problems with DataQuick’s monthly median price reports.“)   However, it’s possible that the bottom may actually come earlier.

Of course, nobody will know for sure it’s a bottom until prices start rising in the months following.  Then we’ll be wondering if it’s a false bottom through the following winter.

Which So Cal County will bottom first? All real estate is local, and we think Southern California’s Coastal Plane will hit the bottom first, followed by the desert and Inland Empire areas possibly a year later.  This is due to the impact of gas prices on outlying areas plus overbuilding and more foreclosures there.  Of the larger So Cal counties, we expect Orange County home prices to bottom first because it’s the most built-out and has the lowest percentage of starter homes.  We expect either Los Angeles or San Diego County home prices to hit bottom next, followed by Riverside and San Bernardino Counties.

Of the smaller counties, Santa Barbara looks like it’s already bottomed, with June foreclosures there hitting a 14 month low.  Ventura County homes may be nearing a price bottom, while the smaller inland counties are largely in the same boat as the Inland Empire.

The other 60%: There are at least three challenges to a bottom this winter:

1. Inflation pushing interest rates up and reducing affordability.
2. The economic slowdown that we seem to be entering, with major job losses in automotive, construction, finance and real estate.
3. The continuing onslaught of foreclosures and resulting REOs.

40% chance: Bottom next winter. If the economy stabilizes and foreclosures slow down by year’s end, we could hit a bottom this winter. This is still the most common pick by most economists–recovery sometime in 2010, and has been consistently for the past year. We think the recent sharp decline in prices may speed things up. What would help even more would be a resumption of safe oil drilling offshore and in Alaska, with an excess profits tax being used to spur energy alternatives industries.

Again, we’re talking about the Coastal Plane areas of L.A. Orange and possibly San Diego Counties, with the Inland Empire and desert regions bottoming sometime in the following 14 months.

20% chance: Bottom later than next winter. Either a lengthy recession, or a bottom late winter of 2010-2011.

What to Do?

We still think market timing shouldn’t be as important as your personal situation in making housing or maybe even investing decisions. (See “What to do when nobody knows what’s next.”)

Sellers: Act now or be prepared to wait–maybe several years.

Buyers: There’s a significant chance that what we’re seeing now is as low as prices are going to go.  But we’re saying there’s an equal chance that the bottom won’t hit until a year from this winter.  And we’re also saying nobody can know for sure.

If you’re in a position to buy, start looking now & if you see something that works for you, make an offer at a price you can afford.  You can use the MLS links in the right hand column to directly access any MLS in Southern California.

As a minimum, buyers should start saving your down payment (new concept, I know–check out wikipedia or google it) and get your credit in order (another new concept for some of us, but necessary now.) Do your Christmas shopping & card writing now, & see how the economy’s doing in November–it may be time to start writing lowball offers. Or to wait another year.

Although predicting a 40% chance of a bottom in the next five months hardly echos NAR’s “buy now!” theme, it’s dramatically more optimistic than we were just a few weeks ago.  Of course, new developments could reduce or encourage our optimism.   Stay tuned, & we’ll keep giving you our best projections based on what we’re reading, what we’re seeing on the front lines, & our experience of over 30 years in this amazing, interesting, and unpredictable business.

What Would Really Help

The “Housing Bailout Bill” seems like a pretty good example of Congressional give-and-take for the common good.  We think there are two logical but somewhat radical additional steps our politicians need to take now to protect our economy and our way of life:

1.  Modest steps to federal deficit reduction, specifically, reducing “pork.” I’m thinking of wasteful spending to get Legislators re-elected, like Alaska’s famous “Bridge to Nowhere.” Passing a bill eliminating such Congressional “earmarks” and also giving the next president a line-item veto would be a very simple step in the right direction.  I’d also favor a mandatory deficit reduction bill that would impose across-the-board spending cuts and tax increases if our politicians couldn’t come up with budgets that meet a long term schedule to reduce the federal deficit.  Taxing our great grandkids is the ultimate in “taxation without representation,” which our forefathers rightly considered tyranny.

2.  Reduce the trade deficit by allowing careful new drilling for oil, but with a catch.  The U.S. is sitting on more untapped oil reserves than any country in the world. I say use the revenue from that oil to create the best clean, renewable energy industries in the world.  Open up more areas for safe drilling but dramatically increasing leasing fees on federal lands. Then split the billions in increased federal revenue between federal deficit reduction and renewable energy innovations.

That would undoubtedly strengthen the dollar, stimulate the economy, reduce the trade deficit, and lead  to a cleaner environment.  In the case of Alaska’s Arctic refuge, drilling would sacrifice less than .01% of ANWR to actual exploration in return for a $137 – $327 billion reduction in our trade balance (see Wikipedia, “Artic Refuge drilling controversy.”)   We can keep sending our the money to the Saudis, or keep it here and use it for high paying jobs, deficit reduction, and energy innovations.  Seems like a no-brainer to me, but I am a Realtor. . . .

We welcome your questions or comments

“The nation is in the throes of a housing downturn that is shaping up to be the worst in a generation,” according to Harvard’s State of the Nation’s Housing report, released Monday.

“The slump in housing markets has not yet run its full course,” according to Nicolas P. Retsinas, the director of Harvard’s Joint Center for Housing Studies. “Mortgage rates have barely responded to the aggressive easing of the Federal Reserve, the supply of for-sale vacant units continues to grow, and much tighter underwriting is locking many would-be home buyers out of the market.”

This is pretty much old news, but it’s a pretty accurate summary of what’s been going on both nationally and here in Southern California. Looking ahead, Retsinas says, “At some point demand will bounce back. Historically, housing markets recover only after the economy has entered a recession and a combination of falling mortgage interest rates and house prices have improved housing affordability. It is difficult to judge how far away from these conditions we may be.”

We certainly agree with that last statement, as we’ve been saying since last November (see “How low will prices go?“). However, we think the significant drop in Southern California home prices coupled with a moderately strong local economy and lack of overbuilding in the coastal plain may well lead to a recovery beginning in the next 6 to 20 months.

For more details, see Harvard’s press release, for the full report, click HERE.

Remember, real estate is local, and projections for your neighborhood may vary, even if Harvard is correct. To see our latest projections post, check out So Cal home price bottom near?

Foreclosures are up, sales are up, closings are tougher, and rental vacancies are down.  And one of the smartest investors I know is making offers again, even as he puts his own home on the market.

That’s what we’re seeing from both sides of the Los Angeles County and Orange County lines.

Total Southern California homes available for sale, from Santa Barbara to San Diego, stands at about 163,500, which is down about 3% from the 169,000 we peaked at about three months ago. In less built-out Orange County, inventory is down more dramatically.

David Haas, our favorite local property manager says his vacancies have declined, largely due to an influx of former homeowners vacating after foreclosure and/or short sale.

The managing partner at the real estate office we work out of reports new escrows for April were the best in about nine months, before the subprime crisis. April’s numbers were modestly better than February’s, with March serving as a trough in between. This is actually fairly typical in real estate–many agents tend to get one or two deals into escrow, then focus on closing them before opening new escrows.

However, escrows remain difficult to close, for several reasons. The reason you hear about most has to do with the difficulty qualifying for a loan, and who can blame lenders for tightening up, given their current onslaught of foreclosures. Of course, sub-prime loans have pretty much dryed up, and most lenders are looking for at least 10% down and good FICO scores for no-verification loans. In problem areas with lots of foreclosures, FHA is requiring 5% down, rather than the traditional 3%.

Some escrows are harder to close because they’re “short sales,” where the current lender must accept a discounted, or “short” payoff in order to facilitate a sale and avoid foreclosure. It’s not uncommon for these to fall out of escrow, either due to the lender refusing to accept the discount, making unreasonable demnads, or just taking too long to respond.

However, enough sales are falling out right now that we’re starting to put in “back up” offers on occasion.

As discussed in our prior post, DataQuick’s latest Orange County medians indicate a modest increase in prices as well.

What’s it all mean? Well, the increase in pending sales & prices is pretty typical for springtime (see “Predictions 101: SoCal’s 2 market cycles“), so that doesn’t prove anything in itself.

However, with the ever increasing number of foreclosed homes hitting the market, stabilization in prices is a good thing.

Have we hit a bottom? In number of sales, we’re pretty sure we have. In price, we’re not so sure. The dramatic and rapid decline in home values is bringing buyers back into the market, but continuing foreclosures are keeping the inventory high. As we move into fall and winter, the number of buyers normally decreases, but most indicators are that foreclosures will continue strong through November at least (See “SoCal defaults up: What it means“).

Two key factors are mortgage interest rates and the economy. Were rates to decline, that could bring in more buyers, but long term rates are slowly moving up. Rising inflation will probably continue that trend, at least over the short term.

As for the economy, it’s hard to say, but interest rates and economic indicators move in opposite directions, so there’s some automatic self-correction there. If the economy continues to falter, longer term rates are apt to decline. If the economy starts picking up steam rates will go up. Probably a wash over all, although a return to “stagflation” (stagnant economy with inflation), a possible worst-case scenario, can’t be ruled out.

Ironically, a return of inflation would eventually push home values higher, but would push them down short term.

There are still so many variables, we’re not ready yet to depart from our mantra, “We’re in unprecedented territory, and nobody can really know what’s ahead.”  (See “How low will prices go?“)

Here are the things we’re relatively confident of:

• Long term interest rates will continue to climb slowly for the time being.
• There’s still time for potential buyers to begin saving a down payment, but they do need to start now.
• So Cal homes are unlikely to return to their peak prices in this decade.
• If you buy a home with a 15-year fixed mortgage and do not refinance or add a HELOC or 2nd, you will own it free and clear in 15 years.
• Most of us aren’t as smart as we think we are, so if a home you like makes sense  for you with a fixed loan, and you’re not planning on moving soon, you should seriously consider buying.  We probably aren’t at the bottom, but we may be close, and nobody will know for sure until a few years after it’s passed.
• By the same token, it makes no sense to hold off on selling until you can get the ridiculous price your neighbor got at the insane peak.  If you can do most of what you want to with what your home will net today, go for it–NOW.    The next month or two might be your best opportunity for a while.
• By the same token

Update from David Emerson: We wrote the following post early 4/15, in anticipation of DataQuick’s release of their March closing statistics for all of Southern California, including L.A. & Orange Counties, Lakewood, Long Beach, Los Alamitos, and the surrounding area. As we predicted, DQ’s March numbers showed an increase in sales which was quite modest by seasonal standards, and also a modest firming in prices.

We’ll insert excerpts from today’s DQ report at appropriate points through the post below. We’ll indent them & put them in italics. We’re leaving our earlier projections and commentary unchanged, because it’s still applicable:

“DataSlow,” as we like to call them, should be out today with their March closing statistics for Southern California. Here’s our preview & interpretation. We’ll update this as needed once the numbers are out.

Data quick reports Southern California two statistics every week and every month: sales volume and median sales price.

It looks like both will be down from March 2007, which will probably get most of the attention. But the month over month figures should be more hopeful.

We expect sales volume to be up a tad from February,

[Here's what DQ reported:] A total of 12,808 new and resale houses and condos sold in Los Angeles, Riverside, San Diego, Ventura, San Bernardino and Orange counties in March. That was up 18.8 percent from 10,777 the previous month but down 41.4 percent from 21,856 in March 2007.

and median prices to be pretty close to February’s numbers.

The median price paid for a Southland home was $385,000 last month, the lowest since $380,000 in April 2004. Last month’s median was down 5.6 percent from February’s $408,000, and down a record 23.8 percent from $505,000 in February 2007. That peak median of $505,000 was reached several times last spring and summer.

[Dave here. This is still a reduction in the rate of decline, and it was caused by some of the problems with median statistics, details below. When isolated by county, the stabilization is more apparent. For example, Orange County's March median of $506,000 was down less than 3% from February's OC DQ median of $520,000. More significantly, OC's $506k March median was actually up from DQs last 4 week OC reports, which both came in at $500,000. Pretty much what we predicted--but don't read too much into that, bulls (details to follow)

Now a word about what that would mean.

It's important to bear in mind what these numbers actually are. First, in terms of today's rapidly moving market, DQs numbers are ancient history. That's because Data Quick today will report Southern California real estate sales that closed escrow during March.

That means the purchase offer was most likely written 45-60 days earlier: Someplace between January 1 and February 14.

Second, DQ's price numbers are medians. If more homes are selling in stater neighborhoods, the median price will drop even if prices are rising. (For a more detailed discussion of the problems with DataQuick's numbers, see "Two big problems with DataQuick's median prices.")

The sharp and sudden drop of the Southland median price reflects a combination of factors, mainly depreciation, especially in areas hammered by foreclosures, and a big shift in the types of homes selling. Since last August, when the continuing credit crunch hit, sales have plunged for more expensive homes financed with "jumbo" mortgages, which until recently were defined as loans over $417,000.

Sales financed with these larger loans, which the credit crunch made more expensive and harder to get, accounted for just 15 percent of Southland sales last month, down from about 40 percent a year ago.

[This is the problem with medians. DQ explains it, but only in the ninth paragraph of their report.]

Even with their problems, however, DQs numbers can be useful. These should offer something for everyone, but some caution is in order.

Housing bears shouldn’t focus too much on the year over year numbers to the exclusion of some possible modest improvement from February to March.

Likewise, housing bulls should be wary of reading too much into what might just be a normal seasonal increase in activity and prices (see “Southern California’s 2 housing market cycles“).

Over the past 20 years Southland sales have risen by an average of 38 percent between February and March. Last month’s 18.1 percent increase from February was the lowest in DataQuick’s statistics, which go back to 1988.

We don’t think today’s DQ numbers will change our own position on what’s ahead (See “A change in our projections?” for our April 4 projection post, or our “classic” November post on this market, “How low will prices go?“)

DQs report is available here. You might also want to check out Peter Hong’s concise, well-written article on today’s DQ numbers.

For a little longer term perspective, you might want to click back to either of our last two posts, (“A little more perspective”) and (“A little perspective“).

Maybe it’s not going to get as bad as we’ve been thinking?

Seems like I woke up to nothing but good news today.

Let’s start in Tokyo, where this week Alan Greenspan, apparently fleeing the U.S. for his own protection, proclaimed that the housing bottom isn’t that far away.

The former Fed chairman told a banking conference there that he expects the drop in U.S. home prices will probably end early in 2009 as housing inventory is reduced.

Here’s the really good news (if you’re a homeowner, at least. Greenspan thinks “…it is very likely that home prices will stabilize well before that.”

Greenspan said that in spite of apparently taking off his rose colored glasses, because he also thinks that the damage from the subprime crisis won’t be fully apparent for months. He also called the current credit crisis the worst in 50 years.

A bottom this coming winter has been the most optimistic of our “most likely” scenarios. In fact, the ongoing increase in Southern California foreclosures had us thinking the bottom’s more likely at least two years off (see yesterday’s update to our most recent projections post).

We’re not saying we agree with Greenspan, who we think had a lot to do with getting us into this mess (see “How We Got Into This Mess” for details). But he does have an awful lot of experience, access to more data than I can imagine, and a lot more credibility than Gary Watts.

Then I go to check the O.C.Register’s Mathew Padilla’s “Mortgage Insider Blog” to discover he’s finding signs that the bottom might be behind us. Now that’s the most optimistic scenario possible!

He sites two specific “signs:”

1. “Our local superstar investment manager, Bill Gross of Pimco, has been buying mortgages.“
2. Goldman Sachs CEO Lloyd Blankfein said the credit crisis is “closer to the end than the beginning,” and that the U.s. economy “will be on a growth curve again” by the end of the year.

Again, we’ve got two credible sources, but sources who may well have their own agendas.

Meanwhile, the Senate passed their version of the “Foreclosure Prevention Act” by a lopsided 84 – 12 vote. On first pass, we think the bill, which will probably be modified significantly in the House, does some things well, others poorly, and others not at all.

Overall, we think it’s a step in the right direction, and we feel the bipartisan support is significant, as well as the fast action. Here’s a link to today’s L.A. Times‘ article on the bill.

But foreclosures are still on the rise.

Like we keep saying, nobody really knows what’s next.

But today things look a little brighter than they did yesterday.

Maybe.

P.S. For something more uplifting, you might want to check out our next post, “A little perspective.”

Default Research, Inc. has posted their California county by county foreclosure numbers for March, and So Cal county numbers are pretty much up across the board to the highest numbers yet for the current downturn.

This report is made up primarily of Notice of Defaults (NODs), the first step in the 4 month foreclosure process. It sounds like the number of bank owned (REO) homes coming on the market will continue to increase well into fall throughout Southern California.

Bear in mind that filing for bankruptcy can add several months to that 4 month process, and additional time is required by the lender to gain occupancy and then make any needed repairs. So these NODs reported for March will be coming on the market as REOs no earlier than July, and well into fall. Of course, not all NOD properties end up foreclosed. (For tips on buying foreclosures, click here: “Foreclosure Tips.”)

But there’s a big “if.” One of the unknowns is what will end up in the Housing Relief Act currently working it’s way through Congress. If Congress gets it right, that could dramatically reduce the number of homes actually taken back by the banks.

We’re hoping Congress and/or the lenders come up with a reasonable program to allow qualified owners to hold onto their homes, but we’re not exactly holding our breath, either. We think debt relief for qualified buyers primarily provided by their lender in exchange for concessions by Congress and the borrower could significantly mitigate the impact of all these foreclosures on the market, but I’m starting to sound like Bernanke, which is really scary!

So I’ll leave what Congress might do for another post, except to say two things:

1. Some home owners who bought with subprime 100% liar loans that really have no business owning property.
2. We are at some risk of another Great Depression caused by the current crisis, and if some unworthy homeowners and lenders are helped in the process of saving the rest of us, so be it. When my lifeboat’s sinking, I prefer to focus on bailing it out rather than arguing about who got us into the mess. “Blessed are the merciful. . . ” wasn’t my idea, but it saves a lot of grief in the long run.

Bottom line: Looks like the bottom for prices is still a ways off, maybe a long ways. Like Freddie Mac’s Chief Economist told us last October, we’re in uncharted territory, and nobody really knows what’s going to happen next (see “How Low Will Prices Go?“).

That said, we’re still sticking to our best guess that prices are most likely to hit bottom either this December or next (see our most recent projections post, “A Change in Our Projections?”

BTW, this market is troubled, but not dead. We just put our last listing into escrow in 3 days last week. Like we keep saying, it’s not rocket science (see “How to Sell Your So Cal Home for Top Dollar in 30 Days“).

Default Research uses actual visits to the court houses to collect their data, which should make it more accurate and more timely than most other foreclosure reporting services. If you want to look directly at their charts for every county in California going back to 2006, just click here. We also have a direct link to their “California N.O.D. (Foreclosure) Stats” under “Great Links” near the top of our right sidebar.

You will see each Southern California county had a new record for NODs in March, with one anomaly. Most lenders do not file NODs over the Christmas holiday period. (I’ve been told that’s because lenders really aren’t total Scrooges, but I suspect it may also be because they take some time off then.) So you will notice NODs were down about 50% across the board for December, but up about 50% for January. That’s why some counties show higher numbers for January than for March–but not if you average the two winter months.

Stay tuned for more breaking news as our adventure in So Cal real estate continues. . . .

In the meantime, forward to our next post, “Let’s Go Ducks!”, for something a little more positive. We hope.